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Badar Kissa Pattukal: The Epic Songs of the Badar Martyrs
Badar Kissa Pattukal are a genre of Malayalam folk songs that narrate the stories of the martyrs of the Badar Battle, one of the most important battles in Islamic history. The songs are sung by Muslim singers known as oppanas, who use a distinctive style of voice modulation and rhythmic patterns. The songs are usually accompanied by percussion instruments such as chenda, maddalam, and elathalam.
The Badar Battle took place in 624 CE, when a small army of Muslims led by Prophet Muhammad faced a much larger army of Meccan pagans. The Muslims emerged victorious, despite being outnumbered and outmatched. The battle is considered a turning point in the history of Islam, as it boosted the morale and faith of the early Muslims. The battle also resulted in the martyrdom of 14 Muslims, who are revered as the Badar Martyrs.
The Badar Kissa Pattukal are a way of honoring and remembering the sacrifices of these martyrs, as well as celebrating their courage and devotion. The songs also convey moral and spiritual lessons to the listeners, such as the importance of faith, patience, justice, and loyalty. The songs are usually performed during religious festivals, weddings, and other occasions.
The Badar Kissa Pattukal are a rich and unique part of the Malayalam cultural heritage, and have been preserved and transmitted by generations of singers. They are also a testament to the diversity and harmony of Kerala's religious communities, as they reflect the influence of Hindu, Christian, and Arab musical traditions. The songs are a source of inspiration and pride for many Malayalis, especially Muslims.
The history of the Badar Kissa Pattukal can be traced back to the 16th century, when Kerala witnessed a series of wars between the Portuguese colonialists and the local rulers. The Portuguese tried to impose their religion and culture on the native people, and persecuted those who resisted. Many Muslims, especially from the coastal regions, joined forces with the Zamorin of Calicut, who was the main opponent of the Portuguese. The Muslims fought bravely against the invaders, and many of them sacrificed their lives for their faith and land.
The Badar Kissa Pattukal were composed and sung by the Muslim poets and singers to commemorate these martyrs, and to inspire others to follow their example. The songs also drew parallels between the Badar Battle and the Kerala wars, and portrayed the Zamorin as a benevolent ruler who protected the Muslims. The songs also praised Prophet Muhammad and his companions, and invoked Allah's blessings and mercy.
The Badar Kissa Pattukal have been passed down orally from generation to generation, and have undergone some changes over time. Some of the songs have been influenced by other literary genres, such as Mappila Pattukal, Arabi Malayalam, and Duff Muttu. Some of the songs have also incorporated contemporary themes and issues, such as social justice, communal harmony, and national integration. The songs have also been adapted to various media formats, such as audio cassettes, CDs, DVDs, and online platforms. aa16f39245